Photoactivation of Adult-derived Adipose (Fat) Stem Cells
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Using ASCs for Stem Cell Treatment with Photoactivation for Joint Pain
Stem Cell Expansion is Unnecessary
An important point to note is that there is still debate whether freshly isolated ASCs are functionally similar to ASCs which have undergone expansion.18 We believe this debate to be of little consequence because of the vast numbers of ASCs we are able to harvest — and expansion is therefore unnecessary. Moreover, our own preliminary results in human subjects (n=32), where wound-healing was tested by the introduction of freshly isolated ASCs into the wound showed more than promising results. It must be stated however, that isolates from the lipoaspirate on its own proved less effective than when the isolates were introduced into either a proprietary Activation Medium containing known growth factor stimulators of stem cells in addition to the patients’ own platelet-derived growth factors (using PRP Kit) for one hour before being re-introduced into the patient.
ASCs Require Activation for Full Functionality
The observations stated above, confirms the theory that Adipose-derived ASCs though large in number lie dormant within the adipose tissue and that they require activation to come into full functionality for more successful implantation into the host tissue and to begin self-renewal by cell division and formation of other cell types by differentiation and transdifferentiation. This is also in line with the theory that ASCs are called into action only when the tissues within which they reside are dying, damaged or diseased. Further preliminary testing to increase the functionality of the Adipose-derived ASCs using specific frequencies of monochromatic light has also revealed promising results.
Clinical Trials in Humans on the Safety and Efficacy of Administration of Activated Autologous Adipose-derived Stromal Vascular Fraction Adult Stem Cells are completed at various centers around the world for Management of Type II Diabetes, Breast Reconstruction Post-Lumpectomy, Management and Healing of Chronic Diabetic Ulcers and for Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis.
Future research areas which have shown promising results in our initial case studies are Osteoarthritis, Emphysema, Stroke, Heart Failure and early stage Parkinson’s Disease.
Stem Cells and PRP
Wound healing is a complex process, involving a mechanism of complex cascading regulatory events at both the molecular and cellular levels.19,20 Growth factors (GFs) are secreted by a wide variety of cells to regulate the wound healing process in an orderly manner.21,22 Over the last decade, various GFs, including platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF), and transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-ß), have been used to accelerate the healing process.2327
Platelet-rich plasma (PRP), as a storage vehicle of growth factors, is a new application of tissue engineering which was considered for the application of growth factors. PRP is a concentration of platelets in plasma developed by gradient density centrifugation.28 It contains many growth factors, such as PDGF, TGF-ß, vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), epidermal growth factor (EGF), insulin-like growth factor (IGF), etc.29,30 And it has been successfully used in a variety of clinical applications for improving hard and soft tissue healing.3135 Platelet-rich plasma has also been shown to enhance the proliferation of human adipose-derived stem cells.36
The (stem cell) procedure involves the taking of blood during or just prior to the patient’s adipose tissue extraction procedure. Platelets are isolated from the blood and then activated to release their growth factors before photoactivation. The adipose-derived ASCs are then mixed with the growth factors containing plasma and activated in the Adi-Light 2 for 20 minutes prior to being administered to the patient.
References
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